Video based Quiz

Notes for Quiz

• Network concept of a "Socket" refers to the connection of one host to another through the combination of compatible IP addresses and ports.
• Socket programming is generally referred to as low-level programming.
• It takes form of client-server infrastructure.
• Two Sockets must be of same type and in same domain to enable communication.
• Structure of an application using sockets and events occurring are:
• 1. Winsock Version
• 2. SockAddr_In
• struct sockaddr_in {
• short sin_family;
• unsigned short sin_port;
• struct in_addr sin_addr;
• char sin_zero[8];
• };
• sin_family : specifies address family
• sin_port: specifies port number and must be used with htons()
• sin_addr: holds the ip address returned by inet_addr()
• sin_zero: used with char array, normally sets to 0
• htons(): converts host byte order to network byte order
• inet_addr(): takes string as argument and converts it into form used by socket connection
• bind(): binds a socket to SocketAddr_In containing IP address and port to build connection
• listen(): tells a socket to listen for an incoming connection
• accepts() : waits for a connection and wakes when a connection is established.
• connect(): connects a client to server which is in listening state and set to accept a connection
• closesocket(): closes an open socket
• Types of Sockets
• 1. TCP
• 2. Datagram Sockets
• - TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) ensures the delivery of packets
• - UDP (User Datagram Protocol) does not ensure the delivery of packets
• Strategies for Implementing Servers
• 1. Concurrent: Handles multiple clients simultaneously and creates socket for each client
• 2. Single Process Concurrent Servers: Handles multiple clients simultaneously while maintaining multiple open connections and listening for messages for each one.
• 3. Iterative Servers: Provides single message to a Client and opens only one socket at a time.